[meteorite-list] Dawn's First Year at Ceres: A Mountain Emerges

[Ron Baalke]

http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=5745

Dawn's First Year at Ceres: A Mountain Emerges
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
March 7, 2016 

One year ago, on March 6, 2015, NASA's Dawn spacecraft slid gently into 
orbit around Ceres, the largest body in the asteroid belt between Mars 
and Jupiter.  Since then, the spacecraft has delivered a wealth of images 
and other data that open an exciting new window to the previously unexplored 
dwarf planet.

"Ceres has defied our expectations and surprised us in many ways, thanks 
to a year's worth of data from Dawn. We are hard at work on the mysteries 
the spacecraft has presented to us," said Carol Raymond, deputy principal 
investigator for the mission, based at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 
Pasadena, California.

Among Ceres' most enigmatic features is a tall mountain the Dawn team 
named Ahuna Mons. This mountain appeared as a small, bright-sided bump 
on the surface as early as February 2015 from a distance of 29,000 miles 
(46,000 kilometers), before Dawn was captured into orbit. As Dawn circled 
Ceres at increasingly lower altitudes, the shape of this mysterious feature 
began to come into focus. From afar, Ahuna Mons looked to be pyramid-shaped, 
but upon closer inspection, it is best described as a dome with smooth, 
steep walls.

Dawn's latest images of Ahuna Mons, taken 120 times closer than in February 
2015, reveal that this mountain has a lot of bright material on some of 
its slopes, and less on others. On its steepest side, it is about 3 miles 
(5 kilometers) high. The mountain has an average overall height of 2.5 
miles (4 kilometers). It rises higher than Washington's Mount Rainier 
and California's Mount Whitney.

Scientists are beginning to identify other features on Ceres that could 
be similar in nature to Ahuna Mons, but none is as tall and well-defined 
as this mountain.

"No one expected a mountain on Ceres, especially one like Ahuna Mons," 
said Chris Russell, Dawn's principal investigator at the University of 
California, Los Angeles. "We still do not have a satisfactory model to 
explain how it formed."

About 420 miles (670 kilometers) northwest of Ahuna Mons lies the now-famous 
Occator Crater. Before Dawn arrived at Ceres, images of the dwarf planet 
from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope showed a prominent bright patch on 
the surface. As Dawn approached Ceres, it became clear that there were 
at least two spots with high reflectivity. As the resolution of images 
improved, Dawn revealed to its earthly followers that there are at least 
10 bright spots in this crater alone,  with the brightest area on the 
entire body located in the center of the crater. It is not yet clear whether 
this bright material is the same as the material found on Ahuna Mons.

"Dawn began mapping Ceres at its lowest altitude in December, but it wasn't 
until very recently that its orbital path allowed it to view Occator's 
brightest area. This dwarf planet is very large and it takes a great many 
orbital revolutions before all of it comes into view of Dawn's camera 
and other sensors," said Marc Rayman, Dawn's chief engineer and mission 
director at JPL.

Researchers will present new images and other insights about Ceres at 
the 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, during a press briefing 
on March 22 in The Woodlands, Texas.



When it arrived at Ceres on March 6, 2015, Dawn made history as the first 
mission to reach a dwarf planet, and the first to orbit two distinct extraterrestrial 
targets. The mission conducted extensive observations of Vesta in 2011-2012.

Dawn's mission is managed by JPL for NASA's Science Mission Directorate 
in Washington. Dawn is a project of the directorate's Discovery Program, 
managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. 
UCLA is responsible for overall Dawn mission science. Orbital ATK Inc., 
in Dulles, Virginia, designed and built the spacecraft. The German Aerospace 
Center, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Italian Space 
Agency and Italian National Astrophysical Institute are international 
partners on the mission team. For a complete list of mission participants, 
visit: 
http://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov/mission
More information about Dawn is available at the following sites: 
http://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov
http://www.nasa.gov/dawn


Media Contact

Elizabeth Landau
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA
818-354-6425
elizabeth.landau at jpl.nasa.gov 

2016-060