[meteorite-list] Rosetta Comet-Chaser Completes 'Big Burn'

[Ron Baalke]

http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-27517090

Rosetta comet-chaser completes 'big burn'
By Jonathan Amos 
BBC News
May 22, 2014

Europe's comet-chaser Rosetta has taken a big step towards making its 
historic rendezvous with a 4km-wide ball of ice and rock in early August.

Controllers confirm the spacecraft conducted a major orbit manoeuvre on 
Wednesday without incident.

The near-eight-hour thruster burn was designed to slow the satellite's 
speed relative to Comet 67P/C-G.

More adjustments are required, but the operation was a significant event 
in ensuring Rosetta meets its target.

The pair are roughly 500 million km from Earth and separated by about 
a million km, and closing.

Wednesday's big burn was initiated at 15:23 GMT (16:23 BST; 17:23 CEST). 
It was intended to take out a big chunk (almost 300m/s) of the velocity 
Rosetta had (755m/s) with respect to 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Engineers at the European Space Agency's (Esa) "mission control" in Darmstadt, 
Germany, will have to examine in detail the telemetry they received from 
the satellite but confirmed on Thursday that the manoeuvre was "completed 
nominally".

"The thrusters and propulsion system overall performed very well, and 
we had a nominal completion of the burn at 22:39 UTC (00:39 CEST Thursday)," 
said Rosetta Spacecraft Operations Manager Sylvain Lodiot.

"It will take a few days for the flight dynamics team to analyse data 
and determine the final actual change in speed, but it won't be too far 
from what we planned," he told the mission blog.

There had been some concern prior to the burn that a leak in the system 
used to pressurise the propellant tanks might result in uneven combustion, 
but Paolo Ferri, who heads up the European Spacecraft Operations Centre 
(Esoc), described Rosetta as having "very stable performance".

Comet 67P/C-G is travelling around the Sun on a big loop that takes it 
out beyond the orbit of Jupiter and then back in to just inside the orbit 
of Mars.

Rosetta is attempting to target its rendezvous at the start of the inward 
curve, before our star can warm the icy object to trigger large jets of 
gas and dust from its surface.

The mission goal is to orbit the comet, starting on 6 August, and then 
follow the body in its orbit.

In November, an attempt will be made to put a small lander, called Philae, 
on 67P's surface.

If all goes well, the mission should return some remarkable insights on 
the behaviour and chemical make-up of its icy quarry.

Eight further burns are required to get Rosetta into position. The next 
two, on 4 June and 18 June, are somewhat smaller than Wednesday's manoeuvre.